-
1 Guido d'Arezzo
SUBJECT AREA: Recording[br]b. c. 995 Italyd. 1050 Avellana, Italy[br]Italian music theorist who made important developments in musical notation.[br]Guido was originally a monk at the Benedictine Abbey of Pomposa, where he began to introduce innovations into the symbolic representation of music, which greatly helped in the training of choristers. Because of jealousies aroused by this work, he was obliged to leave and settled in Arezzo, capital of the province of that name in northern Italy. Around 1030 he went to Rome at the invitation of the Pope, John XIX, to explain his theories, after which he appears to have settled at the monastery of S.Croce di Fonte, Avellana, where he became prior some three years before his death. In an effort to make it easier for the choristers to maintain correct pitch and to learn the complex polyphonic chants then in development, Guido introduced two major innovations. The first was the use of a four-line staff on which the pitch of successive notes could be recorded. The second was a nomenclature for the first six notes of the major scale supposedly based on the initial syllables of a hymn said to have been composed by him, namely ut (later do), re, mi, fa, so and la. These had a dramatic effect on the learning and singing of music. He also apparently devised forms of parallel voices for plainsong.[br]BibliographyGuido's work is recorded in his treatise, c.1026, Micrologus.Further ReadingWorks describing the development of music and musical notation in medieval times include: W.C.Mickelson, 1977, Hugo Riemann's History of Music Theory, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.S.Sadie (ed.), 1980, The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, vol. 9, London: Macmillan, 803.KF
См. также в других словарях:
Music theory — is the study of how music works. It examines the language and notation of music. It seeks to identify patterns and structures in composers techniques across or within genres, styles, or historical periods. In a grand sense, music theory distills… … Wikipedia
Riemann, Hugo — ▪ German musicologist born July 18, 1849, near Sondershausen, Schwarzburg Sondershausen died July 10, 1919, Leipzig German musicologist whose works on music harmony are considered to have been the foundation of modern music theory.… … Universalium
Key (music) — Scale degree names[1] (C major scale). In music theory, the term key is used in many different and sometimes contradictory ways. A common use is to speak of music as being in a specific key, such as in the key of C major or in the key of F sharp … Wikipedia
Rhythmic mode — Pérotin, Alleluia nativitatis , in the third rhythmic mode. In medieval music, the rhythmic modes were set patterns of long and short durations (or rhythms). The value of each note is not determined by the form of the written note (as is the case … Wikipedia
Quartal and quintal harmony — In music, quartal harmony is the building of chordal and melodic structures with a distinct preference for intervals of fourths . (.Use of the term arises from a contrast, compositional or perceptual, with traditional tertian harmonic… … Wikipedia
counterpoint — /kown teuhr poynt /, n. 1. Music. the art of combining melodies. 2. Music. the texture resulting from the combining of individual melodic lines. 3. a melody composed to be combined with another melody. 4. Also called counterpoint rhythm. Pros.… … Universalium
Chordal space — Music theorists have often used graphs, tilings, and geometrical spaces to represent the relationship between chords. We can describe these spaces as chord spaces or chordal spaces, though the terms are relatively recent in origin. Contents 1… … Wikipedia
Tonality — This article is about the musical system. For linguistic feature, see Tone (linguistics). Perfect authentic cadence (IV64 V7 I progression) in C … Wikipedia
Diatonic function — Scale degree names[1] (C major scale) … Wikipedia
encyclopaedia — Reference work that contains information on all branches of knowledge or that treats a particular branch of knowledge comprehensively. It is self contained and explains subjects in greater detail than a dictionary. It differs from an almanac in… … Universalium
musical composition — Introduction the act of conceiving a piece of music, the art of creating music, or the finished product. These meanings are interdependent and presume a tradition in which musical works exist as repeatable entities. In this sense,… … Universalium
